Propaganda! Misinformation! Disinformation! Today we’re talking about the dark – or, shall we say, darkER – side of media. Understanding these media bogeymen is essential to being a more media literate citizen. *** Resources: The Persistent Mystery: How Many Died in 1989? https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/04/world/the-persistent-mystery-how-many-died-in-1989.html The Media Was Always Bad at Reporting Breaking News, a Brief History https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2013/09/media-was-always-bad-reporting-breaking-news-brief-history/311037/ How To Handle Rumors: http://egap.org/content/brief-31-how-handle-rumors The Macedonian Teens Who Mastered Fake News https://www.wired.com/2017/02/veles-macedonia-fake-news/ We Tracked Down A Fake-News Creator In The Suburbs. Here's What We Learned https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2016/11/23/503146770/npr-finds-the-head-of-a-covert-fake-news-operation-in-the-suburbs Evaluating Information: The Cornerstone of Civic Online Reasoning https://stacks.stanford.edu/file/druid:fv751yt5934/SHEG%20Evaluating%20Information%20Online.pdf Social Clicks: What and Who Gets Read on Twitter? https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01281190 59 Percent Of You Will Share This Article Without Even Reading It https://www.forbes.com/sites/jaysondemers/2016/08/08/59-percent-of-you-will-share-this-article-without-even-reading-it/#7da2a9962a64 An Exercise to Sift for Sources Amid a Blitz of Fake News https://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2016/11/24/an-exercise-to-sift-for-sources-amid-a-blitz-of-fake-news/ *** Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Thanks to the following Patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: Mark Brouwer, Glenn Elliott, Justin Zingsheim, Jessica Wode, Eric Prestemon, Kathrin Benoit, Tom Trval, Jason Saslow, Nathan Taylor, Divonne Holmes à Court, Brian Thomas Gossett, Khaled El Shalakany, Indika Siriwardena, SR Foxley, Sam Ferguson, Yasenia Cruz, Eric Koslow, Caleb Weeks, Tim Curwick, Evren Türkmenoğlu, D.A. Noe, Shawn Arnold, mark austin, Ruth Perez, Malcolm Callis, Ken Penttinen, Advait Shinde, Cody Carpenter, Annamaria Herrera, William McGraw, Bader AlGhamdi, Vaso, Melissa Briski, Joey Quek, Andrei Krishkevich, Rachel Bright, Alex S, Mayumi Maeda, Kathy & Tim Philip, Montather, Jirat, Eric Kitchen, Moritz Schmidt, Ian Dundore, Chris Peters, Sandra Aft, Steve Marshall -- Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Twitter - http://www.twitter.com/TheCrashCourse Tumblr - http://thecrashcourse.tumblr.com/ Support Crash Course on Patreon: http://patreon.com/crashcourse CC Kids: null