The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle is one of the most non-intuitive concepts in all of quantum mechanics. It says that it is impossible to precisely know both an object's location and its motion. Know one well and you must know the other poorly. The origins of this are deeply tied to the wave nature of matter and the connection between waves and momentum. In this video, Fermilab’s Dr. Don Lincoln sorts it all out. Fourier transform square wave: https://mathworld.wolfram.com/FourierSeriesSquareWave.html Fourier transform gaussian: https://mathworld.wolfram.com/FourierTransformGaussian.html Additional Fourier transform explainer: https://mriquestions.com/fourier-transform-ft.html Wavelength, momentum, and wave number: http://faculty.chas.uni.edu/~shand/Mod_Phys_Lecture_Notes/Chap6_Matter_Waves_Notes_s12.pdf Wave Function video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K0VY9_hB_WU Deriving Heisenberg: http://math.uchicago.edu/~may/REU2021/REUPapers/Dubey.pdf Fermilab physics 101: https://www.fnal.gov/pub/science/particle-physics-101/index.html Fermilab home page: https://fnal.gov/