NIH Science in Seconds – a weekly roundup of NIH’s research news. Read more about each of the featured news stories below. Week of January 16, 2023: A Phase 2 clinical found that use of the probiotic Bacillus subtilis was a safe and highly effective way to control staphylococcus aureus bacterial colonization in people, without harming beneficial gut microbiota. The prevention of staph infections using approaches to “decolonize” the body has gained increased attention as the spread of antibiotic resistance limits treatment options. https://bit.ly/3GINnDW 1. A comparison of the diuretics furosemide and torsemide, widely used to treat heart failure, showed no difference in their ability to improve patient survival, resolving a long-standing question on which is better for treating this condition. The NIH-funded clinical trial underscores need for better treatments for heart failure. https://bit.ly/3HfRtVF 2. A clinical trial for an experimental HIV vaccine is being discontinued after the vaccine regimen was found to be safe but ineffective. The study of 3,900 volunteers in Europe and North and South America began in 2019. Participants are being informed of the results and further analyses of the study data are planned. https://bit.ly/3XH1gJK Buprenorphine is a medication used to treat opioid use disorder. According to a new study, the proportion of opioid overdose deaths involving buprenorphine did not increase in the months after prescribing flexibilities were put in place during the COVID-19 pandemic. https://bit.ly/3D2kGAC #NIH #Science #NationalInstitutesofHealth