How Germany got stuck paying for Russia's war. Subscribe and turn on notifications 🔔 so you don't miss any videos: http://goo.gl/0bsAjO Since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the EU has sanctioned much of Russia’s economy, but Russia’s natural gas trade remains untouched. The EU gets nearly a quarter of its energy from natural gas, and almost half of that comes from Russia, the world’s largest gas exporter. As the EU’s largest economy, Germany is Russia’s biggest customer, paying Russia’s state-owned gas company 200 million euros. So while Germany has even sent Ukraine weapons, in a historic shift of military policy, through its gas supply Germany is helping to pay for the war it’s trying to stop. It’s inherently hard to pivot away from piped gas. Unlike oil and coal, which can be rerouted, gas pipelines cost billions, take years to build, and physically connect producer and buyer directly, making them long-term commitments. That was the origin of Germany’s dependence on Russian gas, and over time it’s only deepened. Today, as the world tries to punish Russia through sanctions, that dependence is getting in the way. Sources for additional reading: Explore the world’s natural gas pipelines (and so much more!) with the Global Energy Monitor’s map: https://globalenergymonitor.org/ Check out this explorer from IEA that showcases the world’s reliance on Russia’s fossil fuels. You can select natural gas in the dropdown menu to get that specific data: https://www.iea.org/reports/reliance-on-russian-fossil-fuels-data-explorer This tracker from the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air shows how much money Europe has spent on Russian fossil fuels since the war in Ukraine began: https://beyond-coal.eu/russian-fossil-fuel-tracker/ This review of Power of Connection: Why the Russia-Europe gas trade is strangely untouched by politics by Thane Gustafson is a good summary of the strong link natural gas pipelines create between producers and buyers: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-03694-y If you want to dive into German-Russian natural gas relations, check out this research paper by Aurelie Bros: https://www.swp-berlin.org/publications/products/research_papers/2017RP13_wep_EtAl.pdf The 2009 gas dispute that became a warning for Europe is explained in detail here: https://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/NG27-TheRussoUkrainianGasDisputeofJanuary2009AComprehensiveAssessment-JonathanSternSimonPiraniKatjaYafimava-2009.pdf Here you can check out the EU’s sanctions on Russia since the war in Ukraine began: https://ec.europa.eu/info/business-economy-euro/banking-and-finance/international-relations/restrictive-measures-sanctions/sanctions-adopted-following-russias-military-aggression-against-ukraine_en And, finally, we recommend these two books for anyone who wants to go even deeper into the topic: Red Gas: Russia and the origins of European energy dependence by Per Högselius: https://www.amazon.com/Red-Gas-Dependence-Macmillan-Transnational/dp/1137293713 Russian Energy Chains: The remaking of technopolitics from Siberia to Ukraine to the European Union by Margarita Balmaceda: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/reviews/capsule-review/2021-10-19/russian-energy-chains-remaking-technopolitics-siberia-ukraine Make sure you never miss behind the scenes content in the Vox Video newsletter, sign up here: http://vox.com/video-newsletter Vox.com is a news website that helps you cut through the noise and understand what's really driving the events in the headlines. Check out http://www.vox.com/ Support Vox's reporting with a one-time or recurring contribution: http://vox.com/contribute-now Shop the Vox merch store: http://vox.com/store Watch our full video catalog: http://goo.gl/IZONyE Follow Vox on Facebook: http://facebook.com/vox Follow Vox on Twitter: http://twitter.com/voxdotcom Follow Vox on TikTok: http://tiktok.com/@voxdotcom