🌎 Get our exclusive NordVPN deal here ➡️ https://NordVPN.com/sabine It's risk-free with Nord's 30-day money-back guarantee! Should we worry about overpopulation or, as Elon Musk has argued, should we worry more about underpopulation? How many people could live on our planet and how close are we to reaching the "Limits to Growth"? In this video we look at how much we know and what we can conclude from this. The full interview with Elon Musk is here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZP67-DECVw The paper I mention at 2 mins 50 seconds that looked at how good the Club of Rome predictions were is here: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959378008000435?via%3Dihub The earth overshoot day website is here: https://www.overshootday.org/ The paper about how much carbon dioxide emissions you save by not having children that I discuss at 5 minutes 30 seconds is this: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aa7541 The website for the Simons Abundance Index is here: https://www.humanprogress.org/the-simon-abundance-index-2021/ Estimates for the carrying capacity of Earth that I mention at 10 minutes 30 seconds are from this report: https://na.unep.net/geas/getUNEPPageWithArticleIDScript.php?article_id=88 The 2020 Lancet study that I discuss at 13 mins 10 seconds is this: https://www.thelancet.com/article/S0140-6736(20)30677-2/fulltext 💌 Sign up for my weekly science newsletter. It's free! ➜ http://sabinehossenfelder.com/ 👉 Support me on Patreon ➜ https://www.patreon.com/Sabine 📖 My new book "Existential Physics" is coming out in August ➜ http://existentialphysics.com/ Many thanks to Jordi Busqué for helping with this video http://jordibusque.com/ 0:00 Intro 1:33 Doomsters 6:39 Boomsters 10:08 What does science say? 17:17 What do we learn from this? 18:32 Sponsor message