This IELTS grammar lesson will help you understand the rules for how to use commas in English. Good punctuation is very important in English. This material will help you in your IELTS preparation and revision. We use commas in the following situations: To separate the vocative case from the rest of the direct speech. To separate a list of items, places, things, ideas etc. To separate a long list of adjectives describing similar types of information. After discourse markers (words like "anyway", "well", "furthermore", "moreover") With non-defining relative clauses in order to separate them from the main sentence. After "if clauses" at the start of conditionals. We also use commas to emphasise a contrasting idea or subject by forcing a pause. Finally, we use them to split up numbers into thousands. IELTS online course with practice tests and ebook: http://bit.ly/2uGxj0X Here are some related tutorials: Direct speech: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEfNx4LZC_0 Conditionals: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WPDpe_WuCS8 Non-defining relative clauses: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_B8BRYoJJ6M Playlists: English grammar:    • learn English grammar   Listening practice:    • English listening practice   Vocabulary:    • learn English vocabulary   Andrew, Crown Academy of English http://www.crownacademyenglish.com/ https://twitter.com/Crown_English null Photo credits from FreeDigitalPhotos.net: “Business Hand Writing Thank You” by Naypong “Portrait Of Happy Old Female” by imagerymajestic “Happy Tourist Woman” by photostock “Man Yawning” by artur84 “Young Fashionable Woman Holding An Umbrella” by stockimages Photo credits from FreeImages.com: "Road closed" by FreeImages.com/photographer/ljleavell-62258