Scientists have been turning to the animal world for inspiration for a long time, including for medicines. And many different types of animals have been responsible for this inspiration, including sharks, spiders, and... roadkill. Hosted by: Michael Aranda SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at http://www.scishowtangents.org/ ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Huge thanks go to the following Patreon supporters for helping us keep SciShow free for everyone forever: Chris Peters, Matt Curls, Kevin Bealer, Jeffrey Mckishen, Jacob, Christopher R Boucher, Nazara, charles george, Christoph Schwanke, Ash, Silas Emrys, KatieMarie Magnone, Eric Jensen, Adam Brainard, Piya Shedden, Alex Hackman, James Knight, GrowingViolet, Drew Hart, Sam Lutfi, Alisa Sherbow, Jason A Saslow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com/ Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: Intro https://lemelson.mit.edu/resources/otto-lilienthal https://www.hookandloop.com/invention-velcro-brand/ https://biomimicry.org/biomimicry-examples/#construction Frogs https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/newsreleases/2010/august/frog-skin-may-provide-kiss-of-death-for-antibiotic-resistant-germs.html https://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/peptide-317/ https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/organ-systems/the-immune-system/a/innate-immunity https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857906001026?casa_token=kd7aaejRbHcAAAAA:0p6llm5xh0HZeGjrfz7JugDaTBLhQEeTHITOjGnhtITL8pFnvcciFafZoUYCfEBkJJOrPGU9AA https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Andrea-Rinaldi-7/publication/321616913_Antimicrobial_Peptides_Methods_and_Protocols/links/5a3bddacaca272dd65e4b616/Antimicrobial-Peptides-Methods-and-Protocols.pdf#page=15 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1747-0285.2008.00671.x?casa_token=AVXGzLAv1BMAAAAA:e948bW6RQBrCzh1txPciwa4XacFnbKwHeGPY8ARsnfTJDYIQJoGEIS-2JLBRKh5rY8gRN3vS4aM5vdU https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00726-012-1395-7.pdf ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7087712/ Sharks https://academic.oup.com/abt/article/3/1/1/5706878#218994223 https://www.khanacademy.org/science/in-in-class-12-biology-india/xc09ed98f7a9e671b:in-in-human-health-and-disease/xc09ed98f7a9e671b:in-in-types-of-immunity-and-the-immune-system/a/adaptive-immunity https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7112388/ https://www.bioatla.com/appendix/antibody-structure/#:~:text=The%20variable%20domain%20is%20also,for%20binding%20to%20the%20antigen. https://www.ossianix.co.uk/vnar-libraries https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/05/mini-antibodies-discovered-sharks-and-camels-could-lead-drugs-cancer-and-other-diseases https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0213394 Venom https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200507-medicines-and-drugs-from-animals-venom https://www.britannica.com/science/ion-channel#ref287525 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5389327/ Sponges https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4930278/ https://issues.org/p_bruckner-coral-reefs-importance/ http://chemocare.com/chemotherapy/drug-info/ara-c.aspx https://www.britannica.com/science/antimetabolite https://www.tocris.com/cell-biology/cell-metabolism Roadkill https://cen.acs.org/articles/95/i16/Roadkill-drug-discovery.html?ref=search_results https://microbiologysociety.org/blog/what-is-a-microbiome.html https://depts.washington.edu/ceeh/downloads/FF_Microbiome.pdf https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00772 https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/candidiasis/index.html Images: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rana_boylii02.jpg