This summer, we partnered with Nate Senner of the University of Massachusetts Amherst and Tebughna School in Beluga, Alaska to make this series of videos all about how, why, and where birds migrate. We had so much fun making these videos that we decided to make them available for free to anyone and everyone who is curious about the secrets birds hold. Enjoy! LEARN MORE ************** To learn more about this topic, start your googling with these keywords: - Adaptation: a change or the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment. - Bird Banding: the practice of catching birds, marking them with an identifying band around the leg, and then releasing them. - Light Level Geolocator: a lightweight, electronic archival tracking device, usually used in bird migration research to map migration routes, identify important staging areas, and sometimes provide additional ecological information. - Migration: seasonal movement of animals from one region to another. - Physiology: the branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts. SUPPORT MINUTEEARTH ************************** If you like what we do, you can help us!: - Become our patron: https://patreon.com/MinuteEarth - Share this video with your friends and family - Leave us a comment (we read them!) CREDITS ********* Cameron Duke | Script Writing, Narration, and Directing David Goldenberg | Script Writing and Directing Lizah van der Aart | Illustration and Animation Ever Salazar | Video Editing Aldo de Vos | Music Nathaniel Schroeder | Music MinuteEarth is produced by Neptune Studios LLC https://neptunestudios.info/ OUR STAFF ************ Lizah van der Aart • Sarah Berman • Cameron Duke Arcadi Garcia i Rius • David Goldenberg • Melissa Hayes Alex Reich • Henry Reich • Peter Reich Ever Salazar • Leonardo Souza • Kate Yoshida OUR LINKS ************ Youtube | null TikTok | https://tiktok.com/@minuteearth Twitter | https://twitter.com/MinuteEarth Instagram | https://instagram.com/minute_earth Website | https://minuteearth.com/ REFERENCES ************** Both, Christiaan, and Marcel E. Visser. “Adjustment to Climate Change Is Constrained by Arrival Date in a Long-Distance Migrant Bird.” Nature, vol. 411, no. 6835, May 2001, pp. 296–298, 10.1038/35077063 Chernetsov, Nikita, et al. “Migratory Orientation of First-Year White Storks (Ciconia Ciconia): Inherited Information and Social Interactions.” Journal of Experimental Biology, vol. 207, no. 6, 22 Feb. 2004, pp. 937–943, 10.1242/jeb.00853 Farnsworth, Andrew, et al. “A Comparison of Nocturnal Call Counts of Migrating Birds and Reflectivity Measurements on Doppler Radar.” Journal of Avian Biology, vol. 35, no. 4, July 2004, pp. 365–369, 10.1111/j.0908-8857.2004.03180.x. Gilchrist, Grant, et al. “Can Local Ecological Knowledge Contribute to Wildlife Management? Case Studies of Migratory Birds.” Ecology and Society, vol. 10, no. 1, 2005, www.jstor.org/stable/26267752. Gill, Frank B. Ornithology. New York, W.H. Freeman, 1995. Gill, Robert E., et al. “Crossing the Ultimate Ecological Barrier: Evidence for an 11000-Km-Long Nonstop Flight from Alaska to New Zealand and Eastern Australia by Bar-Tailed Godwits.” Condor, vol. 107, no. 1, 1 Feb. 2005, pp. 1–20, https://doi.org/10.1650/7613 Greenwood, Jeremy J. D. “Citizens, Science and Bird Conservation.” Journal of Ornithology, vol. 148, no. S1, 10 Nov. 2007, pp. 77–124, 10.1007/s10336-007-0239-9 “Lift from Flow Turning.” Nasa.gov, 2018, www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/k-12/airplane/right2.html Orellana-Macías, José M., et al. “Shifts in Crane Migration Phenology Associated with Climate Change in Southwestern Europe.” Avian Conservation and Ecology, vol. 15, no. 1, 2020, 10.5751/ace-01565-150116 “Satellite Telemetry and Its Impact on the Study of Animal Migration | Learn Science at Scitable” www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/satellite-telemetry-and-its-impact-on-the-94842487 Strikwerda, T. E., et al. “Bird-Borne Satellite Transmitter and Location Program.” Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest, vol. 7, no. 2, 1986, pp. 203–208, pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/5221497 “The Bar-Tailed Godwit’s Annual Migration Is Utterly Astounding.” Audubon, 1 Sept. 2017, www.audubon.org/news/the-bar-tailed-godwits-annual-migration-utterly-astounding “The Basics of Bird Migration: How, Why, and Where.” All about Birds, 1 Aug. 2021, www.allaboutbirds.org/news/the-basics-how-why-and-where-of-bird-migration/ “Theories about Migration | Understanding Migration.” The RSPB, www.rspb.org.uk/birds-and-wildlife/natures-home-magazine/birds-and-wildlife-articles/migration/understanding-migration/ “To the Ends of the Earth | National Geographic Society.” education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/ends-earth Urry, Lisa A, et al. Campbell Biology. 11th ed., New York, Ny, Pearson Education, Inc, 2017.