NIH Science in Seconds – a weekly roundup of NIH’s research news. Read more about each of the featured news stories below. Week of July 10, 2023: 1. Two recent studies found factors on the male Y chromosome that lead to aggressive tumor growth. These results may help explain why some cancers have different prognoses in men and women and offer potential novel treatment strategies. https://go.nih.gov/MQ05tU1 2. More evidence supports that newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), a rare disorder caused by mutations in genes involved in the development and function of immune cells, boosted survival of children with the disorder due to prompt treatment before life-threatening infections occurred. https://go.nih.gov/5DZA5Ff 3. The use of low-dose atropine eyedrops was found to be no more effective than placebo at slowing nearsightedness progression and elongation of the eye in children. These findings contradict results from recent trials which showed a benefit from using atropine eye drops. https://go.nih.gov/aISi7lA