Get 60% off Incogni: https://incogni.com/notjustbikes Script by Nicole Conlan & Jason Slaughter Thanks to Matthew Krol (Extra Credits), Chuck Marohn (Strong Towns), & Lane Man (Cities by Diana) for quotes --- References & Reading EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ON INDUCED TRAFFIC https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00166218 What Is Induced Demand? https://www.planetizen.com/definition/induced-demand Building Bigger Roads Actually Makes Traffic Worse https://www.wired.com/2014/06/wuwt-traffic-induced-demand/ INDUCED TRAFFIC AND INDUCED DEMAND https://nacto.org/docs/usdg/induced_traffic_and_induced_demand_lee.pdf Highway 401 Expansion https://www.infrastructureontario.ca/en/what-we-do/projectssearch/highway-401-expansion-project/ Induced Demand: An Urban Metropolitan Perspective https://escholarship.org/content/qt5pj337gw/qt5pj337gw.pdf Supply/Demand graph based on SilverStar (CC BY 2.5) https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=11044484 405 Commutes Now a Minute Worse Than Before Carpool Lane https://la.curbed.com/2014/10/9/10036932/405-commutes-now-a-minute-worse-than-before-carpool-lane Houston commute times quickly increasing https://www.click2houston.com/news/2014/02/04/houston-commute-times-quickly-increasing/ North Houston Highway Improvement Project (NHHIP) https://www.txdot.gov/nhhip.html With I-45 construction set to begin in 2024, many facets of the project remain uncertain https://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/houston-texas/transportation/article/i45-meetings-txdot-freeway-rebuild-18507217.php Rethink35 Austin & Frogger https://rethink35.org/ https://onelinergames.com/games/i35frogger/webversion/ Lawsuit against TxDOT https://www.zeffy.com/en-US/fundraising/41a2391b-9075-4700-b504-5c4ce1937e3f Mr. Biden, Tear Down This Highway https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/09/08/opinion/urban-highways-segregation.html Braess's paradox - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braess%27s_paradox The Spring Paradox Steve Mould https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cg73j3QYRJc Congestion Decreases When Cities ‘Delete’ Road Lanes https://cal.streetsblog.org/2022/05/13/three-reasons-why-congestion-decreases-when-cities-delete-road-lanes Exploring traffic evaporation https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213624X22002085 Traffic Evaporation: What Really Happens When Road Space is Reallocated from Cars? https://thecityfix.com/blog/traffic-evaporation-what-really-happens-when-road-space-is-reallocated-from-cars/ From Freeways to Waterways: What Los Angeles Can Learn From Seoul https://www.pbssocal.org/shows/departures/from-freeways-to-waterways-what-los-angeles-can-learn-from-seoul 청계고가, 밤 12시부터 전면 통제, 고가도로 철거 오는 10월 말까지 마무리 https://news.sbs.co.kr/news/endPage.do?news_id=N0311442270 Cheonggyecheon Stream Restoration Project https://www.landscapeperformance.org/case-study-briefs/cheonggyecheon-stream-restoration-project WSDOT VS. REALITY, Puget Sound traffic forecasts don't even pass the laugh test. https://www.sightline.org/2011/07/13/wsdot-vs-reality/ Every traffic projection is wrong https://www.cnu.org/publicsquare/2021/09/09/every-traffic-projection-wrong Traffic Forecasts Ignoring Induced Demand: a Shaky Fundament for Cost-Benefit Analyses https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268293526_Traffic_Forecasts_Ignoring_Induced_Demand_a_Shaky_Fundament_for_Cost-Benefit_Analyses/fulltext/54bc7a710cf253b50e2d2b8a/Traffic-Forecasts-Ignoring-Induced-Demand-a-Shaky-Fundament-for-Cost-Benefit-Analyses.pdf Traffic volumes declined by 34 percent on SR 520 after deployment of pricing and electronic tolling. https://www.itskrs.its.dot.gov/its/benecost.nsf/ID/78a1e4026c2ed620852581a7003b7b87 Carmageddon Leaves Los Angeles in Gridlock With I-405 Closing https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9r6gGUcAHE0 Downs–Thomson paradox https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downs%E2%80%93Thomson_paradox Do Your Buses Get Stuck in Traffic? Not Just Bikes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQY6WGOoYis Effects of upgrading to cycle highways https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0966692316304008 Bikeability and the induced demand for cycling https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2220515120 Build The Lanes (YouTube) null NACTO Transit Street Design Guide https://nacto.org/publication/transit-street-design-guide/introduction/why/designing-move-people/ How Arlington Is Avoiding D.C.’s Traffic Nightmare https://wamu.org/story/13/03/26/how_arlington_is_avoiding_dcs_traffic_nightmare/ ARLINGTON TRAFFIC COUNT DATA https://www.arlingtonva.us/files/sharedassets/public/v/1/projects/documents/historic-traffic-counts.pdf How Oslo Achieved Zero Pedestrian and Bicycle Fatalities https://thecityfix.com/blog/how-oslo-achieved-zero-pedestrian-and-bicycle-fatalities-and-how-others-can-apply-what-worked/ More road tolls set to cordon off Oslo https://www.newsinenglish.no/2017/06/06/more-road-tolls-set-to-cordon-off-oslo/ This video uses footage licensed by Getty Images