🔴 Get bonus content by supporting Game Maker’s Toolkit - https://gamemakerstoolkit.com/support/ 🔴 Goals and rewards can be a great way to motivate players to learn, try out features, and play longer - but in certain circumstances, they can actually backfire on you. To find out more, let's jump into the psychology of motivation. === Sources and Resources === - Sources [1] Undermining children's intrinsic interest with extrinsic reward | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1974-10497-001 [2] Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic rewards in Klei’s latest game: Don’t Starve | The Penny Arcade Report http://web.archive.org/web/20130117075748/http://penny-arcade.com/report/editorial-article/intrinsic-vs.-extrinsic-rewards-in-kleis-latest-game-dont-starve [3] Outer Wilds: a game of curiosity-driven space exploration | USC Digital Library http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15799coll3/id/248860 [4] The Machinations Behind Infinifactory | Game Wisdom https://game-wisdom.com/podcast/infinifactory [5] Mini Metro: When Less is More | GDC Vault (Free Access) https://www.gdcvault.com/play/1024250/-Mini-Metro-When-Less [6] Effect of Expected Rewards on Children's Creativity | Creativity Research Journal https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/s15326934crj1204_1 [7] How Incentives Hinder Innovation | Behavioral Scientist https://behavioralscientist.org/how-incentives-hinder-innovation-creativity/ [8] Why do goal-based incentives cause cheating? | Williams College (PDF) https://sites.williams.edu/mc20/files/2017/09/Chao-Larkin-2017-Why-do-goal-based-incentives-cause-cheating.pdf [9] What to do? | Steam Forums https://steamcommunity.com/app/368370/discussions/0/530645446308194754/ [10] A Nintendo Argument Against Achievements | Kotaku https://kotaku.com/a-nintendo-argument-against-achievements-5740114 - Additional resources Throwing Out the Dopamine Shots: Reward Psychology Without the Neurotrash | GDC Vault (Free Access) https://www.gdcvault.com/play/1024181/Throwing-Out-the-Dopamine-Shots Rewards in Video Games | GDC Vault (Free Access) https://www.gdcvault.com/play/1023948/Rewards-in-Video The Cake Is Not a Lie: How to Design Effective Achievements | Gamasutra https://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/6360/the_cake_is_not_a_lie_how_to_.php?print=1 The Psychology of Games | Steamworks Development https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K0GZMA6c0T4 Achievements Considered Harmful? | Chris Hecker http://www.chrishecker.com/Achievements_Considered_Harmful%3F === Chapters === 00:00 - Intro 01:19 - Case Study: Don't Starve 03:12 - Case Study: Zachtronics Games 04:48 - Case Study: Mini Metro 05:48 - Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation 07:39 - Applying This to Game Design 08:20 - Advantages of Goals 09:31 - Surprise Rewards 11:05 - Patreon Credits === Games Shown === Uncharted 4: A Thief's End (Naughty Dog, 2016) A Plague Tale: Innocence (Asobo Studio, 2019) Hearthstone (Blizzard Entertainment, 2014) Fall Guys: Ultimate Knockout (Mediatonic, 2020) Rage 2 (Avalanche Studios / id Software, 2019) Diablo III (Blizzard Entertainment, 2012) Marvel's Avengers (Crystal Dynamics, 2020) Don't Starve (Klei Entertainment, 2013) Mini Metro (Dinosaur Polo Club, 2015) Subnautica (Unknown Worlds Entertainment, 2018) The Binding of Isaac: Rebirth (Nicalis / Edmund McMillen, 2014) Outer Wilds (Mobius Digital, 2019) Exapunks (Zactronics, 2018) Shenzen I/O (Zactronics, 2016) Opus Magnum (Zachtronics, 2017) Spacechem (Zachtronics, 2011) Infinifactory (Zachtronics, 2015) Tormentor X Punisher (E-Studio, 2017) Lonely Mountains: Downhill (Megagon Industries, 2019) Tetris 99 (Arika, 2019) Minecraft (Mojang, 2011) The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild (Nintendo, 2017) Lumines Remastered (Q Entertainment / Reonsair, 2018) Planet Zoo (Frontier Developments, 2019) God of War (Santa Monica Studio, 2018) Destiny (Bungie, 2014) Hitman 2 (IO Interactive, 2018) Her Story (Sam Barlow, 2015) Overwatch (Blizzard Entertainment, 2016) Horizon Zero Dawn (Guerrilla Games, 2017) Devil May Cry 5 (Capcom, 2019) Hitman (IO Interactive, 2016) Forza Horizon 4 (Playground Games, 2018) Call of Duty: Modern Warfare (Infinity Ward, 2019) Super Mario Odyssey (Nintendo, 2017) === Credits === Music provided by Music Vine - https://musicvine.com/ === Subtitles === Contribute translated subtitles - https://amara.org/v/C3BDl/